ltr501.cpp

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#include "ltr501.h"
#include "esphome/core/application.h"
#include "esphome/core/helpers.h"
#include "esphome/core/log.h"
#include <limits>
 
using esphome::i2c::ErrorCode;
 
namespace esphome::ltr501 {
 
ESPHOME_LOG_TAG(TAG, "ltr501");
 
static const uint8_t MAX_TRIES = 5;
static const uint8_t MAX_SENSITIVITY_ADJUSTMENTS = 10;
 
struct GainTimePair {
  AlsGain501 gain;
  IntegrationTime501 time;
};
 
bool operator==(const GainTimePair &lhs, const GainTimePair &rhs) {
  return lhs.gain == rhs.gain && lhs.time == rhs.time;
}
 
bool operator!=(const GainTimePair &lhs, const GainTimePair &rhs) {
  return lhs.gain != rhs.gain || lhs.time != rhs.time;
}
 
template<typename T, size_t size> T get_next(const T (&array)[size], const T val) {
  size_t i = 0;
  size_t idx = std::numeric_limits<size_t>::max();
  while (idx == std::numeric_limits<size_t>::max() && i < size) {
    if (array[i] == val) {
      idx = i;
      break;
    }
    i++;
  }
  if (idx == std::numeric_limits<size_t>::max() || i + 1 >= size)
    return val;
  return array[i + 1];
}
 
template<typename T, size_t size> T get_prev(const T (&array)[size], const T val) {
  size_t i = size - 1;
  size_t idx = std::numeric_limits<size_t>::max();
  while (idx == std::numeric_limits<size_t>::max() && i > 0) {
    if (array[i] == val) {
      idx = i;
      break;
    }
    i--;
  }
  if (idx == std::numeric_limits<size_t>::max() || i == 0)
    return val;
  return array[i - 1];
}
 
static uint16_t get_itime_ms(IntegrationTime501 time) {
  static const uint16_t ALS_INT_TIME[4] = {100, 50, 200, 400};
  return ALS_INT_TIME[time & 0b11];
}
 
static uint16_t get_meas_time_ms(MeasurementRepeatRate rate) {
  static const uint16_t ALS_MEAS_RATE[8] = {50, 100, 200, 500, 1000, 2000, 2000, 2000};
  return ALS_MEAS_RATE[rate & 0b111];
}
 
static float get_gain_coeff(AlsGain501 gain) { return gain == AlsGain501::GAIN_1 ? 1.0f : 150.0f; }
 
static float get_ps_gain_coeff(PsGain501 gain) {
  static const float PS_GAIN[4] = {1, 4, 8, 16};
  return PS_GAIN[gain & 0b11];
}
 
void LTRAlsPs501Component::setup() {
  // As per datasheet we need to wait at least 100ms after power on to get ALS chip responsive
  this->set_timeout(100, [this]() { this->state_ = State::DELAYED_SETUP; });
}
 
void LTRAlsPs501Component::dump_config() {
  auto get_device_type = [](LtrType typ) {
    switch (typ) {
      case LtrType::LTR_TYPE_ALS_ONLY:
        return "ALS only";
      case LtrType::LTR_TYPE_PS_ONLY:
        return "PS only";
      case LtrType::LTR_TYPE_ALS_AND_PS:
        return "Als + PS";
      default:
        return "Unknown";
    }
  };
 
  LOG_I2C_DEVICE(this);
  ESP_LOGCONFIG(TAG,
                "  Device type: %s\n"
                "  Automatic mode: %s\n"
                "  Gain: %.0fx\n"
                "  Integration time: %d ms\n"
                "  Measurement repeat rate: %d ms\n"
                "  Glass attenuation factor: %f\n"
                "  Proximity gain: %.0fx\n"
                "  Proximity cooldown time: %d s\n"
                "  Proximity high threshold: %d\n"
                "  Proximity low threshold: %d",
                get_device_type(this->ltr_type_), ONOFF(this->automatic_mode_enabled_), get_gain_coeff(this->gain_),
                get_itime_ms(this->integration_time_), get_meas_time_ms(this->repeat_rate_),
                this->glass_attenuation_factor_, get_ps_gain_coeff(this->ps_gain_), this->ps_cooldown_time_s_,
                this->ps_threshold_high_, this->ps_threshold_low_);
 
  LOG_UPDATE_INTERVAL(this);
 
  LOG_SENSOR("  ", "ALS calculated lux", this->ambient_light_sensor_);
  LOG_SENSOR("  ", "CH1 Infrared counts", this->infrared_counts_sensor_);
  LOG_SENSOR("  ", "CH0 Visible+IR counts", this->full_spectrum_counts_sensor_);
  LOG_SENSOR("  ", "Actual gain", this->actual_gain_sensor_);
}
 
void LTRAlsPs501Component::update() {
  if (!this->is_als_()) {
    ESP_LOGW(TAG, "Update. ALS data not available. Change configuration to ALS or ALS_PS.");
    return;
  }
  if (this->is_ready() && this->is_als_() && this->state_ == State::IDLE) {
    ESP_LOGV(TAG, "Update. Initiating new ALS data collection.");
 
    this->state_ = this->automatic_mode_enabled_ ? State::COLLECTING_DATA_AUTO : State::WAITING_FOR_DATA;
 
    this->als_readings_.ch0 = 0;
    this->als_readings_.ch1 = 0;
    this->als_readings_.gain = this->gain_;
    this->als_readings_.integration_time = this->integration_time_;
    this->als_readings_.lux = 0;
    this->als_readings_.number_of_adjustments = 0;
 
  } else {
    ESP_LOGV(TAG, "Update. Component not ready yet.");
  }
}
 
void LTRAlsPs501Component::loop() {
  ErrorCode err = i2c::ERROR_OK;
 
  switch (this->state_) {
    case State::DELAYED_SETUP:
      err = this->write(nullptr, 0);
      if (err != i2c::ERROR_OK) {
        ESP_LOGW(TAG, "i2c connection failed");
        this->mark_failed(LOG_STR(ESP_LOG_MSG_COMM_FAIL));
      }
      this->configure_reset_();
      if (this->is_als_()) {
        this->configure_als_();
        this->configure_integration_time_(this->integration_time_);
      }
      if (this->is_ps_()) {
        this->configure_ps_();
      }
 
      this->state_ = State::IDLE;
      break;
 
    case State::IDLE:
      if (this->is_ps_()) {
        this->check_and_trigger_ps_();
      }
      break;
 
    case State::WAITING_FOR_DATA:
      if (this->is_als_data_ready_(this->als_readings_) == LtrDataAvail::LTR_DATA_OK) {
        this->tries_ = 0;
        ESP_LOGV(TAG, "Reading sensor data assuming gain = %.0fx, time = %d ms",
                 get_gain_coeff(this->als_readings_.gain), get_itime_ms(this->als_readings_.integration_time));
        this->read_sensor_data_(this->als_readings_);
        this->apply_lux_calculation_(this->als_readings_);
        this->state_ = State::DATA_COLLECTED;
      } else if (this->tries_ >= MAX_TRIES) {
        ESP_LOGW(TAG, "Can't get data after several tries. Aborting.");
        this->tries_ = 0;
        this->status_set_warning();
        this->state_ = State::IDLE;
        return;
      } else {
        this->tries_++;
      }
      break;
 
    case State::COLLECTING_DATA_AUTO:
    case State::DATA_COLLECTED:
      // first measurement in auto mode (COLLECTING_DATA_AUTO state) require device reconfiguration
      if (this->state_ == State::COLLECTING_DATA_AUTO || this->are_adjustments_required_(this->als_readings_)) {
        this->state_ = State::ADJUSTMENT_IN_PROGRESS;
        ESP_LOGD(TAG, "Reconfiguring sensitivity: gain = %.0fx, time = %d ms", get_gain_coeff(this->als_readings_.gain),
                 get_itime_ms(this->als_readings_.integration_time));
        this->configure_integration_time_(this->als_readings_.integration_time);
        this->configure_gain_(this->als_readings_.gain);
        // if sensitivity adjustment needed - need to wait for first data samples after setting new parameters
        this->set_timeout(2 * get_meas_time_ms(this->repeat_rate_),
                          [this]() { this->state_ = State::WAITING_FOR_DATA; });
      } else {
        this->state_ = State::READY_TO_PUBLISH;
      }
      break;
 
    case State::ADJUSTMENT_IN_PROGRESS:
      // nothing to be done, just waiting for the timeout
      break;
 
    case State::READY_TO_PUBLISH:
      this->publish_data_part_1_(this->als_readings_);
      this->state_ = State::KEEP_PUBLISHING;
      break;
 
    case State::KEEP_PUBLISHING:
      this->publish_data_part_2_(this->als_readings_);
      this->status_clear_warning();
      this->state_ = State::IDLE;
      break;
 
    default:
      break;
  }
}
 
void LTRAlsPs501Component::check_and_trigger_ps_() {
  uint16_t ps_data = this->read_ps_data_();
  uint32_t now = millis();
 
  if (ps_data != this->ps_readings_) {
    this->ps_readings_ = ps_data;
    // Higher values - object is closer to sensor
    if (ps_data > this->ps_threshold_high_ &&
        now - this->last_ps_high_trigger_time_ >= this->ps_cooldown_time_s_ * 1000) {
      this->last_ps_high_trigger_time_ = now;
      ESP_LOGD(TAG, "Proximity high threshold triggered. Value = %d, Trigger level = %d", ps_data,
               this->ps_threshold_high_);
      this->on_ps_high_trigger_callback_.call();
    } else if (ps_data < this->ps_threshold_low_ &&
               now - this->last_ps_low_trigger_time_ >= this->ps_cooldown_time_s_ * 1000) {
      this->last_ps_low_trigger_time_ = now;
      ESP_LOGD(TAG, "Proximity low threshold triggered. Value = %d, Trigger level = %d", ps_data,
               this->ps_threshold_low_);
      this->on_ps_low_trigger_callback_.call();
    }
  }
}
 
bool LTRAlsPs501Component::check_part_number_() {
  uint8_t manuf_id = this->reg((uint8_t) CommandRegisters::MANUFAC_ID).get();
  if (manuf_id != 0x05) {  // 0x05 is Lite-On Semiconductor Corp. ID
    ESP_LOGW(TAG, "Unknown manufacturer ID: 0x%02X", manuf_id);
    this->mark_failed();
    return false;
  }
 
  // Things getting not really funny here, we can't identify device type by part number ID
  // ======================== ========= ===== =================
  // Device                    Part ID   Rev   Capabilities
  // ======================== ========= ===== =================
  // ltr-558als                 0x08      0    als + ps
  // ltr-501als                 0x08      0    als + ps
  // ltr-301als -               0x08      0    als only
 
  PartIdRegister part_id{0};
  part_id.raw = this->reg((uint8_t) CommandRegisters::PART_ID).get();
  if (part_id.part_number_id != 0x08) {
    ESP_LOGW(TAG, "Unknown part number ID: 0x%02X. LTR-501/301 shall have 0x08. It might not work properly.",
             part_id.part_number_id);
    this->status_set_warning();
    return true;
  }
  return true;
}
 
void LTRAlsPs501Component::configure_reset_() {
  ESP_LOGV(TAG, "Resetting");
 
  AlsControlRegister501 als_ctrl{0};
  als_ctrl.sw_reset = true;
  this->reg((uint8_t) CommandRegisters::ALS_CONTR) = als_ctrl.raw;
  delay(2);
 
  uint8_t tries = MAX_TRIES;
  do {
    ESP_LOGV(TAG, "Waiting chip to reset");
    delay(2);
    als_ctrl.raw = this->reg((uint8_t) CommandRegisters::ALS_CONTR).get();
  } while (als_ctrl.sw_reset && tries--);  // while sw reset bit is on - keep waiting
 
  if (als_ctrl.sw_reset) {
    ESP_LOGW(TAG, "Reset failed");
  }
}
 
void LTRAlsPs501Component::configure_als_() {
  AlsControlRegister501 als_ctrl{0};
  als_ctrl.sw_reset = false;
  als_ctrl.als_mode_active = true;
  als_ctrl.gain = this->gain_;
 
  ESP_LOGV(TAG, "Setting active mode and gain reg 0x%02X", als_ctrl.raw);
  this->reg((uint8_t) CommandRegisters::ALS_CONTR) = als_ctrl.raw;
  delay(5);
 
  uint8_t tries = MAX_TRIES;
  do {
    ESP_LOGV(TAG, "Waiting for ALS device to become active");
    delay(2);
    als_ctrl.raw = this->reg((uint8_t) CommandRegisters::ALS_CONTR).get();
  } while (!als_ctrl.als_mode_active && tries--);  // while active mode is not set - keep waiting
 
  if (!als_ctrl.als_mode_active) {
    ESP_LOGW(TAG, "Failed to activate ALS device");
  }
}
 
void LTRAlsPs501Component::configure_ps_() {
  PsMeasurementRateRegister ps_meas{0};
  ps_meas.ps_measurement_rate = PsMeasurementRate::PS_MEAS_RATE_50MS;
  this->reg((uint8_t) CommandRegisters::PS_MEAS_RATE) = ps_meas.raw;
 
  PsControlRegister501 ps_ctrl{0};
  ps_ctrl.ps_mode_active = true;
  ps_ctrl.ps_mode_xxx = true;
  this->reg((uint8_t) CommandRegisters::PS_CONTR) = ps_ctrl.raw;
}
 
uint16_t LTRAlsPs501Component::read_ps_data_() {
  AlsPsStatusRegister als_status{0};
  als_status.raw = this->reg((uint8_t) CommandRegisters::ALS_PS_STATUS).get();
  if (!als_status.ps_new_data) {
    return this->ps_readings_;
  }
 
  uint8_t ps_low = this->reg((uint8_t) CommandRegisters::PS_DATA_0).get();
  PsData1Register ps_high;
  ps_high.raw = this->reg((uint8_t) CommandRegisters::PS_DATA_1).get();
 
  uint16_t val = encode_uint16(ps_high.ps_data_high, ps_low);
  return val;
}
 
void LTRAlsPs501Component::configure_gain_(AlsGain501 gain) {
  AlsControlRegister501 als_ctrl{0};
  als_ctrl.als_mode_active = true;
  als_ctrl.gain = gain;
  this->reg((uint8_t) CommandRegisters::ALS_CONTR) = als_ctrl.raw;
  delay(2);
 
  AlsControlRegister501 read_als_ctrl{0};
  read_als_ctrl.raw = this->reg((uint8_t) CommandRegisters::ALS_CONTR).get();
  if (read_als_ctrl.gain != gain) {
    ESP_LOGW(TAG, "Failed to set gain. We will try one more time.");
    this->reg((uint8_t) CommandRegisters::ALS_CONTR) = als_ctrl.raw;
    delay(2);
  }
}
 
void LTRAlsPs501Component::configure_integration_time_(IntegrationTime501 time) {
  MeasurementRateRegister501 meas{0};
  meas.measurement_repeat_rate = this->repeat_rate_;
  meas.integration_time = time;
  this->reg((uint8_t) CommandRegisters::MEAS_RATE) = meas.raw;
  delay(2);
 
  MeasurementRateRegister501 read_meas{0};
  read_meas.raw = this->reg((uint8_t) CommandRegisters::MEAS_RATE).get();
  if (read_meas.integration_time != time) {
    ESP_LOGW(TAG, "Failed to set integration time. We will try one more time.");
    this->reg((uint8_t) CommandRegisters::MEAS_RATE) = meas.raw;
    delay(2);
  }
}
 
LtrDataAvail LTRAlsPs501Component::is_als_data_ready_(AlsReadings &data) {
  AlsPsStatusRegister als_status{0};
  als_status.raw = this->reg((uint8_t) CommandRegisters::ALS_PS_STATUS).get();
  if (!als_status.als_new_data)
    return LtrDataAvail::LTR_NO_DATA;
  ESP_LOGV(TAG, "Data ready, reported gain is %.0fx", get_gain_coeff(als_status.gain));
  if (data.gain != als_status.gain) {
    ESP_LOGW(TAG, "Actual gain differs from requested (%.0f)", get_gain_coeff(data.gain));
    return LtrDataAvail::LTR_BAD_DATA;
  }
  data.gain = als_status.gain;
  return LtrDataAvail::LTR_DATA_OK;
}
 
void LTRAlsPs501Component::read_sensor_data_(AlsReadings &data) {
  data.ch1 = 0;
  data.ch0 = 0;
  uint8_t ch1_0 = this->reg((uint8_t) CommandRegisters::ALS_DATA_CH1_0).get();
  uint8_t ch1_1 = this->reg((uint8_t) CommandRegisters::ALS_DATA_CH1_1).get();
  uint8_t ch0_0 = this->reg((uint8_t) CommandRegisters::ALS_DATA_CH0_0).get();
  uint8_t ch0_1 = this->reg((uint8_t) CommandRegisters::ALS_DATA_CH0_1).get();
  data.ch1 = encode_uint16(ch1_1, ch1_0);
  data.ch0 = encode_uint16(ch0_1, ch0_0);
 
  ESP_LOGD(TAG, "Got sensor data: CH1 = %d, CH0 = %d", data.ch1, data.ch0);
}
 
bool LTRAlsPs501Component::are_adjustments_required_(AlsReadings &data) {
  if (!this->automatic_mode_enabled_)
    return false;
 
  // sometimes sensors fail to change sensitivity. this prevents us from infinite loop
  if (data.number_of_adjustments++ > MAX_SENSITIVITY_ADJUSTMENTS) {
    ESP_LOGW(TAG, "Too many sensitivity adjustments done. Something wrong with the sensor. Stopping.");
    return false;
  }
 
  ESP_LOGV(TAG, "Adjusting sensitivity, run #%d", data.number_of_adjustments);
 
  // available combinations of gain and integration times:
  static const GainTimePair GAIN_TIME_PAIRS[] = {
      {AlsGain501::GAIN_1, INTEGRATION_TIME_50MS},    {AlsGain501::GAIN_1, INTEGRATION_TIME_100MS},
      {AlsGain501::GAIN_150, INTEGRATION_TIME_100MS}, {AlsGain501::GAIN_150, INTEGRATION_TIME_200MS},
      {AlsGain501::GAIN_150, INTEGRATION_TIME_400MS},
  };
 
  GainTimePair current_pair = {data.gain, data.integration_time};
 
  // Here comes funky business with this sensor. it has no internal error checking mechanism
  // as in later versions (LTR-303/329/559/..) and sensor gets overwhelmed when saturated
  // and readings are strange. We only check high sensitivity mode for now.
  // Nothing is documented and it is a result of real-world testing.
  if (data.gain == AlsGain501::GAIN_150) {
    // when sensor is saturated it returns various crazy numbers
    // CH1 = 1, CH0 = 0
    if (data.ch1 == 1 && data.ch0 == 0) {
      ESP_LOGV(TAG, "Looks like sensor got saturated (?) CH1 = 1, CH0 = 0, Gain 150x");
      // fake saturation
      data.ch0 = 0xffff;
      data.ch1 = 0xffff;
    } else if (data.ch1 == 65535 && data.ch0 == 0) {
      ESP_LOGV(TAG, "Looks like sensor got saturated (?) CH1 = 65535, CH0 = 0, Gain 150x");
      data.ch0 = 0xffff;
    } else if (data.ch1 > 1000 && data.ch0 == 0) {
      ESP_LOGV(TAG, "Looks like sensor got saturated (?) CH1 = %d, CH0 = 0, Gain 150x", data.ch1);
      data.ch0 = 0xffff;
    }
  }
 
  static const uint16_t LOW_INTENSITY_THRESHOLD_1 = 100;
  static const uint16_t LOW_INTENSITY_THRESHOLD_200 = 2000;
  static const uint16_t HIGH_INTENSITY_THRESHOLD = 25000;
 
  if (data.ch0 <= (data.gain == AlsGain501::GAIN_1 ? LOW_INTENSITY_THRESHOLD_1 : LOW_INTENSITY_THRESHOLD_200) ||
      (data.gain == AlsGain501::GAIN_1 && data.lux < 320)) {
    GainTimePair next_pair = get_next(GAIN_TIME_PAIRS, current_pair);
    if (next_pair != current_pair) {
      data.gain = next_pair.gain;
      data.integration_time = next_pair.time;
      ESP_LOGV(TAG, "Low illuminance. Increasing sensitivity.");
      return true;
    }
 
  } else if (data.ch0 >= HIGH_INTENSITY_THRESHOLD || data.ch1 >= HIGH_INTENSITY_THRESHOLD) {
    GainTimePair prev_pair = get_prev(GAIN_TIME_PAIRS, current_pair);
    if (prev_pair != current_pair) {
      data.gain = prev_pair.gain;
      data.integration_time = prev_pair.time;
      ESP_LOGV(TAG, "High illuminance. Decreasing sensitivity.");
      return true;
    }
  } else {
    ESP_LOGD(TAG, "Illuminance is good enough.");
    return false;
  }
  ESP_LOGD(TAG, "Can't adjust sensitivity anymore.");
  return false;
}
 
void LTRAlsPs501Component::apply_lux_calculation_(AlsReadings &data) {
  if ((data.ch0 == 0xFFFF) || (data.ch1 == 0xFFFF)) {
    ESP_LOGW(TAG, "Sensors got saturated");
    data.lux = 0.0f;
    return;
  }
 
  if ((data.ch0 == 0x0000) && (data.ch1 == 0x0000)) {
    ESP_LOGW(TAG, "Sensors blacked out");
    data.lux = 0.0f;
    return;
  }
 
  float ch0 = data.ch0;
  float ch1 = data.ch1;
  float ratio = ch1 / (ch0 + ch1);
  float als_gain = get_gain_coeff(data.gain);
  float als_time = ((float) get_itime_ms(data.integration_time)) / 100.0f;
  float inv_pfactor = this->glass_attenuation_factor_;
  float lux = 0.0f;
 
  // method from
  // https://github.com/fards/Ainol_fire_kernel/blob/83832cf8a3082fd8e963230f4b1984479d1f1a84/customer/drivers/lightsensor/ltr501als.c#L295
 
  if (ratio < 0.45f) {
    lux = 1.7743f * ch0 + 1.1059f * ch1;
  } else if (ratio < 0.64f) {
    lux = 3.7725f * ch0 - 1.3363f * ch1;
  } else if (ratio < 0.85f) {
    lux = 1.6903f * ch0 - 0.1693f * ch1;
  } else {
    ESP_LOGW(TAG, "Impossible ch1/(ch0 + ch1) ratio");
    lux = 0.0f;
  }
 
  lux = inv_pfactor * lux / als_gain / als_time;
  data.lux = lux;
 
  ESP_LOGD(TAG, "Lux calculation: ratio %.3f, gain %.0fx, int time %.1f, inv_pfactor %.3f, lux %.3f", ratio, als_gain,
           als_time, inv_pfactor, lux);
}
 
void LTRAlsPs501Component::publish_data_part_1_(AlsReadings &data) {
  if (this->proximity_counts_sensor_ != nullptr) {
    this->proximity_counts_sensor_->publish_state(this->ps_readings_);
  }
  if (this->ambient_light_sensor_ != nullptr) {
    this->ambient_light_sensor_->publish_state(data.lux);
  }
  if (this->infrared_counts_sensor_ != nullptr) {
    this->infrared_counts_sensor_->publish_state(data.ch1);
  }
  if (this->full_spectrum_counts_sensor_ != nullptr) {
    this->full_spectrum_counts_sensor_->publish_state(data.ch0);
  }
}
 
void LTRAlsPs501Component::publish_data_part_2_(AlsReadings &data) {
  if (this->actual_gain_sensor_ != nullptr) {
    this->actual_gain_sensor_->publish_state(get_gain_coeff(data.gain));
  }
  if (this->actual_integration_time_sensor_ != nullptr) {
    this->actual_integration_time_sensor_->publish_state(get_itime_ms(data.integration_time));
  }
}
}  // namespace esphome::ltr501